On June 21, 2011, Partnership Vice President for Education and Outreach, Tim McManus, testified before the Senate Oversight of Government Management Subcommittee on efforts to inspire more students into federal service. In his testimony, McManus praised OPM and the Administration for their efforts to improve student programs and entry-level talent pipelines, but said more must be done to help agencies attract key talent. He identified five key barriers to recruiting mission-critical talent to government—shortage of needed talent, lack of knowledge and interest, absence of long-term recruiting strategy, cumbersome hiring process, and difficulty retaining talent—and provided recommendations for Congress on how address them.